Cosmic topology: Twenty years after

The CUSBEA program: twenty years after.

The CUSBEA (China–United States Biochemistry Examination and Application) program was implemented during the 8 years between 1982 and 1989, with a total of 422 Ph.D. students selected and placed in over more than 90 top universities in the United States (1–3). The original aim of this program was to train bright young Ph.D. scientists in the field of Biochemistry and molecular biology, with an ...

Zero-Knowledge twenty years after its invention

Zero-knowledge proofs are proofs that are both convincing and yet yield nothing beyond the validity of the assertion being proven. Since their introduction about twenty years ago, zero-knowledge proofs have attracted a lot of attention and have, in turn, contributed to the development of other areas of cryptography and complexity theory. We survey the main deenitions and results regarding zero-...

The Emilian Model Revisited: Twenty Years After

Inhibition of return: Twenty years after.

When responding to a suddenly appearing stimulus, we are slower and/or less accurate when the stimulus occurs at the same location of a previous event than when it appears in a new location. This phenomenon, often referred to as inhibition of return (IOR), has fostered a huge amount of research in the last 20 years. In this selective review, which introduces a Special Issue of Cognitive Neurops...

Black Hole Hair: Twenty{{ve Years After

Originally regarded as forbidden, black hole \hair" are elds associated with a stationary black hole apart from the gravitational and electromagnetic ones. Several stable stationary black hole solutions with gauge or Skyrme eld hair are known today within general relativity. We formulate here a \no scalar{ hair" conjecture, and adduce some new theorems that almost establish it by ruling out-for...